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Vibrio fischeri is a rod-shaped bacterium found globally in the marine environments. It has bioluminescent properties, and is found predominantly in symbiosis with various marine animals, such as the bobtail squid. It is heterotrophic and moves by means of flagella. Free living V. fischeri survive on decaying organic matter (see saprotroph). The bacterium is a key research organism for examination of microbial fluorescence and bacterial-animal symbiosis. Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms (as opposed to folk taxonomy). ...
Phyla/Divisions Actinobacteria Aquificae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Nitrospirae Omnibacteria Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Bacteria (singular, bacterium) are a major group of living organisms. ...
Orders Alpha Proteobacteria Caulobacterales - e. ...
Genera Allomonas Beneckea Enhydrobacter Listionella Lucibacterium Photobacterium Salinivibrio Vibrio The Vibrionaceae are a family of Proteobacteria, given their own order. ...
Vibrio is a genus of bacteria, included in the gamma subgroup of the Proteobacteria. ...
In biology, binomial nomenclature is the formal method of naming species. ...
Phyla/Divisions Actinobacteria Aquificae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Nitrospirae Omnibacteria Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Bacteria (singular, bacterium) are a major group of living organisms. ...
The worlds oceans as seen from the South Pacific Oceans (from Okeanos, Greek for river, the ancient Greeks noticed that a strong current flowed off Gibraltar, and assumed it was a great river) cover almost three quarters (71%) of the surface of the Earth, and nearly half of the...
Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by a living organism as the result of a chemical reaction during which chemical energy is converted to light energy. ...
Common Clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) in their magnificent sea anemone (Heteractis magnifica) home. ...
Families Idiosepiidae Sepiolidae Bobtail squid are a group of cephalopods closely related to cuttlefish. ...
A heterotroph (Greek heteron = (an)other and trophe = nutrition) is an organism that requires organic substrates to get its carbon for growth and development. ...
A flagellum (plural, flagella) is a whip-like organelle that many unicellular organisms, and some multicellular ones, use to move about. ...
Organic has several meanings and related topics. ...
A Saprotroph (or saprobe) is an organism that obtains its nutrients from non-living organic matter, usually dead and decaying plant or animal matter, by absorbing soluble organic compounds. ...
Fluorescence induced by exposure to ultraviolet light in vials containing various sized Cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dots. ...
Ecology
Planktonic V. fischeri are found in very low quantities (almost undetectable) in almost all oceans of the world, preferentially found in temperate and sub-tropical waters. These free-living V. fischeri subsist on organics within the water. They are found in higher concentrations in symbiosis with certain deep sea marine life within special light-organs; or as part of the normal enteral microbiota of marine animals. Additionally the bacteria can be pathogenic to certain species of marine invertebrates, some of which are commercially farmed in aquaculture. This disease is known as luminous vibriosis. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
The worlds oceans as seen from the South Pacific Oceans (from Okeanos, Greek for river, the ancient Greeks noticed that a strong current flowed off Gibraltar, and assumed it was a great river) cover almost three quarters (71%) of the surface of the Earth, and nearly half of the...
In geography, temperate latitudes of the globe lie between the tropics and the polar circles. ...
Subtropical (or semitropical) areas are those adjacent to the tropics, usually roughly defined as the ranges 23. ...
A pathogen or infectious agent is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host. ...
Invertebrate is a term coined by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck to describe any animal without a spinal column. ...
The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view. ...
Symbiotic relationship Symbiotic relationships in monocentrid fishes and sepolid squid appear to have evolved separately. The most prolific of these relationships is with the Hawaiian bobtail squid (Euprymna scolopes). Genera Cleidopus Monocentris Pineconefish are small and unusual beryciform marine fish of the family Monocentridae. ...
Genera 14, see text Classification Order Sepiolida: bobtail squid Family Idiosepiidae Family Sepiolidae Subfamily Heteroteuthinae Genus Heteroteuthis Odd Bobtail, Heteroteuthis (Heteroteuthis) dispar Heteroteuthis (Heteroteuthis) weberi Heteroteuthis (Stephanoteuthis) dagamensis Heteroteuthis (Stephanoteuthis) hawaiiensis Heteroteuthis (Stephanoteuthis) serventyi Genus Iridoteuthis Iridoteuthis iris Iridoteuthis maoria Genus Nectoteuthis Nectoteuthis pourtalesi Genus Sepiolina Japanese Bobtail, Sepiolina nipponensis...
A hypothetical phylogenetic tree of all extant organisms, based on 16S rRNA gene sequence data, showing the evolutionary history of the three domains of life, bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes. ...
Free-living V. fischeri in the ocean waters inoculate the light organs of juvenile squid and fish. Ciliated cells within the light organs selectively draw in the symbiotic bacteria. These cells promote the growth of the sybionts and actively reject any competitors. Through quorum sensing the bacteria cause these cells to die off once the light organ is sufficiently colonised. Suborders Myopsina Oegopsina Squids are a large, diverse group of marine cephalopods. ...
The Guppy, also known as guppie (Poecilia reticulata) is one of the most popular freshwater aquarium fish species in the world. ...
cross-section of two cilia, showing 9+2 structure A cilium (plural cilia) is a fine projection from a eukaryotic cell that constantly beats in one direction. ...
Quorum sensing is the ability of bacteria to communicate and coordinate behavior via signaling molecules. ...
The light organ of certain squid contain reflective plates that intesify and direct the light produced, due to proteins known as reflectins. A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing coloured alpha helices. ...
Sepolid squids expel 90% of the symbiotic bacteria in its light organ each morning in process known as "venting". Venting is hypothesised to provide the free-living inoculum source for newly hatched squids.
Bioluminescence The bioluminescence of V. fischeri is caused by transcription induced by population-dependent quorum sensing. The luminescence is only seen when population density reaches a certain level. Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by a living organism as the result of a chemical reaction during which chemical energy is converted to light energy. ...
Transcription is the process through which a DNA sequence is enzymatically copied by an RNA polymerase to produce a complementary RNA. Or, in other words, the transfer of genetic information from DNA into RNA. In the case of protein-encoding DNA, transcription is the beginning of the process that ultimately...
Luminescence is light not generated by high temperatures alone. ...
The luminescence appears to follow a circadian rhythm, that is, it is brighter during the nighttime than daytime. A circadian rhythm is a roughly-24-hour cycle in the physiological processes of plants, animals, fungi and cyanobacteria. ...
Bioluminescencent levels has also been shown to be proportionally related to both protection against ultraviolet radiation damage to genes and the pathogenicity of bioluminescent V. fischeri. Note: Ultraviolet is also the name of a 1998 UK television miniseries about vampires. ...
This stylistic schematic diagram shows a gene in relation to the double helix structure of DNA and to a chromosome (right). ...
Genetics of bioluminescence The bacterial luciferin-luciferase system is encoded by subset of genes labelled the Lux operon. In V. fischeri five such genes (LuxCDABE) have been identified to display activity with regards to the emission of visible light, and two genes (LuxR and LuxI) to be involved in regulating the operon. Several external and intrinsic factors appear to induce and inhibit the transcription of this gene set and produce or suppress light emission. More research is being done to improve our understanding of these processes. Luciferin is a generic name for light-emitting pigments found in organisms capable of bioluminescence, like fireflies, deep-sea fish and microbes. ...
Luciferase is a generic name for enzymes commonly used in nature for bioluminescence. ...
An operon is a group of key nucleotide sequences including an operator, a common promoter, and one or more structural genes that are controlled as a unit to produce messenger RNA (mRNA). ...
This page is a list of sources of light. ...
List of pseudonyms - Achromobacter fischeri (Beijerinck 1889) Bergey et al. 1930
- Bacillus fischeri (Beijerinck 1889) Trevisan 1889
- Bacterium phosphorescens indigenus (Eisenberg 1891) Chester 1897
- Einheimischer Leuchtbacillus Fischer 1888
- Microspira fischeri'' (Beijerinck 1889) Chester 1901
- Microspira marina (Russell 1892) Migula 1900
- Photobacterium fischeri Beijerinck 1889
- Vibrio noctiluca Weisglass and Skreb 1963
- From NCBI Taxbrowser
References - Holt JG (editor) (1994). Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th ed., Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0-683-00603-7.
- Madigan, Michael; Martinko, John (editors) (2005). Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 11th ed., Prentice Hall. ISBN 0131443291.
See also Vibrio harveyi is a species of marine bioluminescent vibrio species almost ecologically identical to Vibrio fischeri. ...
Humpback anglerfish Deep sea fish is a term for fish that live below the photic zone of the ocean. ...
A model organism is a species that is extensively studied to understand particular biological phenomena, with the expectation that discoveries made in the organism model will provide insight into the workings of other organisms. ...
Marine biology is the Scientific study of the plants, animals and other organisms that live in the ocean. ...
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