Streptomyces is a genus of Actinobacteria. They are Gram-positive, have a high GC-content and can be found predominantly in soil. Most Streptomycetes produce spores. Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Phyla/Divisions Actinobacteria Aquificae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Nitrospirae Omnibacteria Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Bacteria (singular, bacterium) are a major group of living organisms. ... Orders Subclass Acidimicrobidae     Acidimicrobiales Subclass Actinobacteridae     Actinomycetales     Bifidobacteriales Subclass Coriobacteridae     Coriobacteriales Subclass Rubrobacteridae     Rubrobacterales Subclass Sphaerobacteridae     Sphaerobacterales The Actinobacteria or Actinomycetes are a group of Gram-positive bacteria. ... Suborders Actinomycineae Corynebacterineae Frankineae Glycomycineae Micrococcineae Micromonosporineae Propionibacterineae Pseudonocardineae Streptomycineae Streptosporangineae Actinomycetales is an order of Actinobacteria. ... Orders Subclass Acidimicrobidae     Acidimicrobiales Subclass Actinobacteridae     Actinomycetales     Bifidobacteriales Subclass Coriobacteridae     Coriobacteriales Subclass Rubrobacteridae     Rubrobacterales Subclass Sphaerobacteridae     Sphaerobacterales The Actinobacteria or Actinomycetes are a group of Gram-positive bacteria. ... Gram-positive bacteria are those that are stained dark blue or violet by gram staining, in contrast to gram-negative bacteria, which are not affected by the stain. ... In genetics, the guanine-cytosine content (GC content) is the ratio of guanine and cytosine to the total number of nucleotides of a given genome. ... Soil is unconsolidated rock particles mixed with organic matter from plant decay. ... The term spore has several different meanings in biology. ...

The complete genome of one of the strain, Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2), was published in 2002. At that time, it contains the largest number of genes of any bacterium characterised so far. After that, the complete genome sequence of S. avermitilis was determined. This is the first complete genome sequence of the idustrial microorganism. Another unique characteristic is that their chromosome are linear instead of circular. In biology the genome of an organism is the whole hereditary information of an organism that is encoded in the DNA (or, for some viruses, RNA). ... 2002 (MMII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This stylistic schematic diagram shows a gene in relation to the double helix structure of DNA and to a chromosome (right). ... Phyla/Divisions Actinobacteria Aquificae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Nitrospirae Omnibacteria Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Bacteria (singular, bacterium) are a major group of living organisms. ... Figure 1: Chromosome. ...

Streptomycetes are characterised by a complex secondary metabolism. They produce a large number of antibiotics that are in clinical use; the now rarely used Streptomycin takes its name directly from the Streptomyces. They are not known to cause disease themselves. Secondary metabolism is a term for pathways and products of metabolism that are not absolutely required for the survival of the organism. ... An antibiotic is a drug that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. ... Streptomycin was the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. ...

S. coelicolor A3(2) taxonomically belongs to S. violaceoruber. Don't mistake S. coelicolor A3(2) for S. coelicolor (Müller) (ATCC 23899).

References

• Bentley SD, Chater KF, Cerdeno-Tarraga AM, Challis GL, Thomson NR, James KD, Harris DE, Quail MA, Kieser H, Harper D, Bateman A, Brown S, Chandra G, Chen CW, Collins M, Cronin A, Fraser A, Goble A, Hidalgo J, Hornsby T, Howarth S, Huang CH, Kieser T, Larke L, Murphy L, Oliver K, O'Neil S, Rabbinowitsch E, Rajandream MA, Rutherford K, Rutter S, Seeger K, Saunders D, Sharp S, Squares R, Squares S, Taylor K, Warren T, Wietzorrek A, Woodward J, Barrell BG, Parkhill J, Hopwood DA. 2002. Complete genome sequence of the model actinomycete Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). Nature 417:141-147.
• Ikeda H, Ishikawa J, Hanamoto A, Shinose M, Kikuchi H, Shiba T, Sakaki Y, Hattori M, Omura S. 2003. Complete genome sequence and comparative analysis of the industrial microorganism Streptomyces avermitilis. Nat. Biotechnol. 21:526-531.

External link

• S. avermitilis genome homepage (Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences)
  • S. avermitilis is the avermectin producer.
• S. coelicolor A3(2) genome homepage (Sanger Institute)
• Streptomyces.org.uk homepage (John Innes Centre)
• ScoDB - the S. coelicolor A3(2) genome annotation server (John Innes Centre)