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Urban Studies is the scientific discipline that studies all aspects of cities, their suburbs, and other urban areas. This includes urban economics, urban planning, urban architecture, urban ecology, urban transportation systems, urban politics, and urban social relations. This can be contrasted with rural areas and rural lifestyles. Sign in a rural area in Dalarna, Sweden Qichun, a rural town in Hubei province, China An artists rendering of an aerial view of the Maryland countryside: Jane Frank (Jane Schenthal Frank, 1918-1986), Aerial Series: Ploughed Fields, Maryland, 1974, acrylic and mixed materials on apertured double canvas, 52...
Rural areas are sparsely settled places away from the influence of large cities and towns. ...
List of terms in urban studies
This article is about building architecture. ...
The Try2004 Hyperstructure or Megacity as featured on the Discovery Channels Extreme Engineering programs. ...
A typical allotment plot, Essex, England Allotment gardens are characterized by a concentration in one place of a few or up to several hundreds of land parcels that are assigned to individual families. ...
Automobile dependency is a term coined by Professors Peter Newman and Jeff Kenworthy to capture the predicament of most cities in the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, and to a lesser extent, large cities in Europe. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Off-the-grid. ...
Bicycle-friendly is a descriptive term that describes policies, places and practices which make it easier for people to ride bicycles. ...
For the use of biological agents in warfare, see Biological warfare. ...
The phrase built environment refers to the manmade surroundings that provide the setting for human activity, ranging from the large-scale civic surroundings to the personal places. ...
Car-free zones (also known as auto-free zones and pedestrianised zones) are areas of a city or town in which automobile traffic is prohibited. ...
A permanent, separated high-occupancy vehicle lane on I-91 in Connecticut A high occupancy vehicle (or HOV) is any vehicle with a driver and one or more (or sometimes two or more, or three or more) passengers. ...
Look up city, City in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
A community is a social group of organisms sharing an environment, normally with shared interests. ...
In economics, a local currency is a currency not backed by a national government, and intended to trade only in a small area. ...
In the United States a Community Emergency Response Team (CERT), sometimes known as a Neighborhood Emergency Response Team (NERT), or Neighborhood Emergency Team (NET), is a group of volunteer emergency workers who have received basic training in disaster preparedness, disaster fire suppression, basic disaster medical operations, light search and rescue...
Commuters on the New York City Subway during rush hour Rush hour at Shinjuku Station, Yamanote Line Traffic jam Commuting is the process of travelling between a place of residence and a place of work. ...
Road pricing is a generic term for charging for the use of roads using direct methods, charging the users of a specific section of the road network for its use. ...
“Consumerist†redirects here. ...
A Cohousing community is a kind of intentional community composed of private homes with full kitchens, supplemented by extensive common facilities. ...
Ecological health or ecological integrity or ecological damage is used to refer to symptoms of an ecosystems pending loss of carrying capacity, ability to perform natures services, or pending ecocide due to cumulative causes such as pollution. ...
The term Economies of agglomeration is used in urban economics to describe the benefits that firms obtain when locating near each other. ...
An eco-industrial park is a type of industrial park in which businesses cooperate with each other and with the local community in an attempt to reduce waste, efficiently share resources (such as information, materials, water, energy, infrastructure, and natural resources), and produce sustainable development, with the intention of increasing...
Ecological Sanitation One person produces about 500 litres of urine and only 50 litres of faeces per year. ...
Ecovillages are socially, economically and ecologically sustainable villages of 50 to 150 people. ...
Electricity generation is the first process in the delivery of electricity to consumers. ...
Environmental health is the branch of public health that is concerned with all aspects of the natural and built environment that may affect human health. ...
Environmental studies is the systematic study of human interaction with their environment. ...
In economics, an externality is a cost or benefit resulting from an economic transaction that is borne or received by parties not directly involved in the transaction. ...
A farmers market near the Potala Palace in Lhasa, Tibet. ...
A downtown Toronto pillow fight flash mob. ...
The tone or style of this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. ...
This article covers the word as used in Islamic urban planning. ...
Human development theory is an economic theory that merges older ideas from ecological economics, sustainable development, welfare economics, and feminist economics. ...
Infrastructural capital refers to any physical means of production or means of protection beyond that which can be gathered or found directly in nature, i. ...
Industrial ecology is the shifting of industrial process from open loop systems, in which resource and capital investments move through the system to become waste, to a closed loop system where wastes become inputs for new processes. ...
Environmental ethics is theory and practice about appropriate concern for, values in, and duties to the natural world. ...
Central Park, like all parks, is an example of landscape architecture. ...
In the United States of America, transit describes local area common carrier passenger transportation configured to provide scheduled service on fixed routes on a non-reservation basis. ...
A neighbourhood or neighborhood (see spelling differences) is a geographically localised community located within a larger city or suburb. ...
Neighbourhood character refers to the look and feel of an area[1], in particular a residential area. ...
The New urbanism is an American urban design movement that arose in the early 1980s. ...
Roads can be pedestrian-friendly by measures such as: no other traffic allowed; in addition poles may prevent cars from entering low speed limit for other traffic wide pavements pedestrian crossings, especially with priority for pedestrians restrictions on advertising material cluttering shopping streets a partial or full roof to protect...
Overpass in East Potomac Park, Washington, D.C. Flyover in Miami Beach, Florida An overpass (In UK, India, Hong Kong flyover) is a bridge, road or similar structure that crosses over another road. ...
An underground pedestrian tunnel between buildings at MIT. Note the utility pipes running along the ceiling. ...
Artists rendering of SkyTran, a proposed PRT design. ...
Look up Place in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Place identity refers to a cluster of ideas about place in the fields of geography, urban planning, urban design, landscape architecture and environmental psychology. ...
Placemaking is a term that began to be used beginning in the 1970s by architects and planners to describe the process of creating squares, plazas, parks, streets, and waterfronts that will attract people because they are pleasurable or interesting. ...
A New town or planned community or planned city is a city, town, or community that was designed from scratch, and grew up more or less following the plan. ...
The Politics series Politics Portal This box: Political economy was the original term for the study of production, the acts of buying and selling, and their relationships to laws, customs and government. ...
Productivism is the (purported) ideology that measurable economic productivity and growth is the purpose of human organization and perhaps the purpose of life itself. ...
Bangkok Skytrain. ...
This article needs additional references or sources to facilitate its verification. ...
For the automotive term, see redline. ...
Sign in a rural area in Dalarna, Sweden Qichun, a rural town in Hubei province, China An artists rendering of an aerial view of the Maryland countryside: Jane Frank (Jane Schenthal Frank, 1918-1986), Aerial Series: Ploughed Fields, Maryland, 1974, acrylic and mixed materials on apertured double canvas, 52...
Service economy can refer to one or both of two recent economic developments. ...
Seven-generation sustainability is the tenet that all decisions should be made with consideration for the effect they will have on the next seven generations to follow us. ...
Urban areas require some method for collection and disposal of sewage. ...
Shared space is a traffic engineering philosophy pioneered by the Dutch traffic engineer Hans Monderman. ...
Shift/share analysis is a technique sometimes used for forecasting land use, most often for forecasting changes in a set of urban areas or regions. ...
It has been suggested that Haze be merged into this article or section. ...
Renewable energy utilizes natural resources such as sunlight, wind, tides and geothermal heat, which are naturally replenished. ...
Street reclaiming is the process of converting streets for non-car use. ...
Illustration of the backyards of a surburban neighbourhood Suburbs are inhabited districts located either on the outer rim of a city or outside the official limits of a city (the term varies from country to country), or the outer elements of a conurbation. ...
The suburban colonization process is observed in larger cities that have suffered population and political power loss to suburbs. ...
Traffic calming is a set of strategies used by urban planners and traffic engineers which aim to slow down or reduce traffic, thereby improving safety for pedestrians and bicyclists as well as improving the amenity of the street for residents and visitors. ...
Paying toll on passing a bridge. ...
This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
Terrorist redirects here. ...
Aerial view of growth patterns in Arlington County, Virginia. ...
Urban (or peri-urban) agriculture is the practice of agriculture (including crops, livestock, fisheries, and forestry activities) within or surrounding the boundaries of cities. ...
Crowded Shibuya, Tokyo shopping district An urban area is an area with an increased density of human-created structures in comparison to the areas surrounding it. ...
An urban car is a car designed to be used in city traffic. ...
Urban culture is the culture of cities. ...
Urban decay and renewal in Cincinnati Urban decay is the popular term for both the physical and social degeneration of cities and large towns. ...
This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
Urban ecology is the subfield of ecology which deals with the interaction of plants, animals and humans with each other and with their environment in urban or urbanizing settings. ...
An urban explorer stands near the outfall of a muffin shaped brick and concrete storm drain, under Saint Paul, Minnesota. ...
Urban history is an field of history that attempts examine the historical nature of cities and towns, and the process of urbanisation. ...
A homeless man pushes a cart down the street. ...
An Urban planner is a professional who works in the field of urban planning. ...
Urban planning is concerned with the ordering and design of settlements, from the smallest towns to the worlds largest cities. ...
1999 photograph looking northeast on Chicagos now demolished Cabrini-Green housing project, one of many urban renewal efforts. ...
Urban secession is a citys secession from its surrounding region, to form a new political unit (usually a state or district or province of the same country as its surroundings, but not always). ...
Urban sociology is the sociological study of the various statistics among the population in cities. ...
Urban sprawl (also: suburban sprawl) is the spreading out of a city and its suburbs over rural land at the fringe of an urban area. ...
An urban tribe is a subculture that originates and it develops in an urban ambient. ...
Where appreciation for the importance of biodiversity meets the New Urbanism, youll find the pursuit of the creation of urban wilderness. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
White flight is a term for the demographic trend where working- and middle-class white people move away from increasingly racially mixed inner-city neighborhoods to predominantly white suburbs and exurbs. ...
A typical zoning map; this one identifies the zones, or development districts, in the city of Ontario, California Zoning is a North American term for a system of land-use regulation. ...
Noted urbanists Christopher Alexander (born October 4, 1936 in Vienna, Austria) is an architect noted for his theories about design, and for more than 200 building projects in California, Japan, Mexico and around the world. ...
The Nature of Order: An Essay on the Art of Building and the Nature of the Universe is a four-volume work by Christopher Alexander published in 2003-2004. ...
Stewart Brand speaking September 5, 2004 Stewart Brand (born December 14, 1938 in Rockford, Illinois) is an author, editor, and creator of The Whole Earth Catalog and CoEvolution Quarterly. ...
How Buildings Learn: What Happens After They’re Built is an illustrated book on the evolution of buildings and how buildings adapt to changing requirements over long periods. ...
Jane Jacobs Jane Jacobs, OC, O.Ont (May 4, 1916 – April 25, 2006) was an American-born Canadian urbanist, writer and activist. ...
The Death and Life of Great American Cities, by Jane Jacobs, is arguably the most influential book written on urban planning in the 20th century. ...
Lewis Mumford (October 19, 1895 – January 26, 1990) was an American historian of technology and science. ...
Technics and Civilization written by Lewis Mumford in the 1930s (published in 1934) gives the history of technology and its interplay in shaping and being shaped by civilizations. ...
William Hollingsworth Holly Whyte (1917- January 12, 1999) was an American sociologist, journalist, and peoplewatcher. ...
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