A photograph of Deadwood in 1876. General view of the Dakota Territory gold rush town from a hillside above.

Deadwood is the county seat of Lawrence County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 1,380 at the 2000 census. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1156x1327, 283 KB) A photograph of Deadwood in 1876. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1156x1327, 283 KB) A photograph of Deadwood in 1876. ... Dakota Territory was the name of the northernmost part of the Louisiana Purchase of the United States. ... A county seat is a term for an administrative center for a county, primarily used in the United States. ... Lawrence County is a county located in the state of South Dakota. ... Official language(s) English Capital Pierre Largest city Sioux Falls Area  Ranked 17th  - Total 77,163 sq mi (199,905 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 380 miles (610 km)  - % water 1. ... 2000 US Census logo The Twenty-Second United States Census, known as Census 2000 and conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13. ...

History

Deadwood, South Dakota

The Treaty of Laramie of 1868 had guaranteed ownership of the Black Hills to the Lakota people. However, in 1874, Colonel George Armstrong Custer led an expedition into the Hills and announced the discovery of gold on French Creek near present-day Custer, South Dakota. Custer's announcement triggered the Black Hills gold rush and gave rise to the lawless town of Deadwood, which quickly reached a population of around 5,000. Image File history File links Deadwood5. ... Image File history File links Deadwood5. ... Treaty signing by William T. Sherman and the Sioux at Fort Laramie, Wyoming. ... Eddie Plenty Holes, a Sioux Indian photographed about 1899. ... “Custer” redirects here. ... Custer is a city located in Custer County, South Dakota. ... The Black Hills The Black Hills are a small, isolated mountain range rising from the Great Plains of North America in western South Dakota and extending into Wyoming, USA. Set off from the main body of the Rocky Mountains, the region is somewhat of a geological anomaly—accurately described as... The Black Hills Gold Rush took place in the Dakotas and parts of Montana and is general considered to have started 1860-70. ...

In early 1876, frontiersman Charlie Utter and his brother Steve led a wagon train to Deadwood containing what were deemed to be needed commodities to bolster business, that included gamblers and prostitutes, which proved to be a profitable venture. Demand for women was high, and the business of prostitution proved to be a good market. Madam Dora DuFran would eventually become the most profitable brothel owner in Deadwood, closely followed by Madam Mollie Johnson. Businessman Tom Miller opened the Bella Union Saloon in September of that year. 1876 (MDCCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Charlie Utter (born near Niagara Falls, New York, 1838 - death unknown) was an early figure in the American Wild West, best known as a great friend and companion of Wild Bill Hickok. ... For the TV show, see Wagon Train. ... Gambling (or betting) is any behavior involving the risk of money or valuables on the outcome of a game, contest, or other event in which the outcome of that activity is partially or totally dependent upon chance. ... Prostitution is the sale of sexual services (typically manual stimulation, oral sex, sexual intercourse, or anal sex) for cash or other kind of return, generally indiscriminately with many persons. ... Madam Dora DuFran or Dora Bolshaw, (born ?-died August 5th, 1934) was one of the leading and most successful brothel operators in the Old West days of Deadwood, South Dakota. ... A brothel, also known as a bordello or whorehouse, is an establishment specifically dedicated to prostitution, providing the prostitutes a place to meet and to have sex with the clients. ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... The Bella Union was a saloon and theater in Deadwood, South Dakota which opened on September 10, 1876[1]. The proprietor was Tom Miller, an aggressive capitalist who would buy several neighboring properties as well. ...

The town attained notoriety for the murder of Wild Bill Hickok, and remains the final resting place of Hickok and Calamity Jane, as well as slightly less famous figures such as Seth Bullock. It became known for its wild and almost lawless reputation, during which time murder was common, and punishment for murders not always fair and impartial. For other people with similar names, see Wild Bill. ... For the film, see Calamity Jane (1953 film) Calamity Jane at age 33. ... Seth Bullock (July 23, 1849 – September 23, 1919) was a western sheriff, hardware store owner and U.S. Marshal. ...

As the economy changed from gold rush to steady mining, Deadwood lost its rough and rowdy character and settled down into a prosperous town. In 1876 a smallpox epidemic swept through the camp, with so many falling sick that tents had to be set up to quarantine them. Also in that year, General George Crook pursued the Sioux Indians from the Battle of Little Big Horn on an expedition that ended in Deadwood, and that came to be known as the Horsemeat March. Smallpox (also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera) is a highly contagious disease unique to humans. ... In epidemiology, an epidemic (from [[Latin language] epi- upon + demos people) is a disease that appears as new cases in a given human population, during a given period, at a rate that substantially exceeds what is expected, based on recent experience (the number of new cases in the population during... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Portrait of George Crook George Crook (September 8, 1828 – March 21, 1890) was a career U.S. Army officer, most noted for his distinguished service during the American Civil War and the Indian Wars. ... Eddie Plenty Holes, a Sioux Indian photographed about 1899. ... The Battle of the Little Bighorn, also called Custers Last Stand, was an engagement between a Lakota-Cheyenne combined force and the 7th Cavalry of the United States Army that took place on June 25, 1876 near the Little Bighorn River in the eastern Montana Territory. ... Also known as the Starvation March, or the Horse Meat March. The 1876 Horsemeat March was a military expedition led by General George Crook in pursuit of a band of Sioux Indians fleeing General Custers defeat at the Battle of Little Big Horn. ...

A fire on September 26, 1879, devastated the town, destroying over 300 buildings and consuming everything belonging to many inhabitants. Without the opportunities of rich untapped veins of ore that characterized the town's early days, many of the newly impoverished left town to try their luck elsewhere. is the 269th day of the year (270th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

A narrow gauge railroad, the Deadwood Central Railroad, was founded by Deadwood resident J.K.P. Miller and his associates in 1888, in order to serve their mining interests in the Black Hills. The railroad was purchased by the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad in 1893. A portion of the road between Deadwood and Lead was electrified in 1902 for operation as an interurban passenger system, which operated until 1924. Apart from a portion from Kirk to Fantail Junction, which was converted to standard gauge, the railroad was abandoned in 1930. The remaining section was abandoned by the successor Burlington Northern Railroad in 1984.^[1] Narrow-gauge railways are railroads (railways) with track spaced at less than the standard gauge of 4 ft 8½ in (1. ... The Deadwood Central Railroad was a 3 ft (914 mm) gauge narrow gauge railroad in the U.S. state of South Dakota. ... The Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad (AAR reporting mark CBQ) was a railroad that operated in the Midwestern United States. ... Lead is a city located in Lawrence County, South Dakota. ... Overhead wire in Coventry, England A railway electrification system is a way of supplying electric power to electric locomotives or multiple units. ... An interurban, also called a radial railway in parts of Canada, is a streetcar line running between urban areas or from urban to rural areas. ... As railways developed and expanded one of the key issues to be decided was that of the rail gauge (the distance between the two rails of the track) which should be used. ... Categories: Rail stubs | Defunct railroad companies of the United States | California railroads | Colorado railroads | Idaho railroads | Illinois railroads | Iowa railroads | Kansas railroads | Kentucky railroads | Minnesota railroads | Missouri railroads | Montana railroads | Nebraska railroads | North Dakota railroads | Oregon railroads | South Dakota railroads | Washington railroads | Wisconsin railroads | Wyoming railroads ...

Some of the other early town residents and frequent visitors included Al Swearengen and his employees Dan Doherty and Johnny Burns, E. B. Farnum, Charlie Utter, Sol Star, Martha Bullock, A. W. Merrick, Samuel Fields, Harris Franklin, Dr. Valentine McGillycuddy, and the Reverend Henry Weston Smith. The Gem Theater circa 1878. ... Dan Doherty was general manager of Al Swearengens Gem Theater in Deadwood, South Dakota when it opened in 1877. ... E. B. Farnum (full name: Eustace Bailey Farnum) (born approx. ... Charlie Utter (born near Niagara Falls, New York, 1838 - death unknown) was an early figure in the American Wild West, best known as a great friend and companion of Wild Bill Hickok. ... Solomon Sol Star (December 20, 1840 – October 10, 1917) was an early resident of the town of Deadwood, South Dakota, and is portrayed as a character in the American television series Deadwood. ... Martha Eccles Bullock was the wife of Seth Bullock, one of the leading citizens in early Deadwood, South Dakota, and a character in the HBO television series, Deadwood. ... A. W. Merrick, from Denver, Colorado, published the first newspaper in Deadwood, South Dakota, the Black Hills Pioneer, along with W. A. Laughlin. ... Samuel Fields (born: died: ) was an African-American who claimed to have been a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. ... Dr. Valentine McGillycuddy (1849 -1939) Valentine Trant McGillycuddy was a Western legend, and a controversial pioneer of the effort to build a sustainable relationship between the United States and the Native American Indian people. ... Smith Reverend Henry Weston Smith (Preacher Smith) (b. ...

Geography

Deadwood today (view from Mount Moriah)

Deadwood is located at 44°22′36″N, 103°43′45″W^GR1. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2363x1032, 623 KB) Summary Deadwood today (view from Mount Moriah). ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2363x1032, 623 KB) Summary Deadwood today (view from Mount Moriah). ...

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 9.8 km² (3.8 mi²), all land. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title ) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... A square metre (US spelling: square meter) is by definition the area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 metre long. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ...

Deadwood has been assigned the ZIP code 57732 and the FIPS place code 15700. Mr. ... FIPS place codes are a U.S. Federal Information Processing Standard for geographic coding of human settlements in the United States. ...

Deadwood in fiction

• Deadwood's history and inhabitants are the foundation of Pete Dexter's 1986 novel, "Deadwood," In which Charles Utter and Wild Bill Hickok are the central characters.
• The town's early history forms the basis for the storyline of the HBO TV series named Deadwood.
• In the Star Trek: The Next Generation episode A Fistful of Datas, the holodeck program that Worf, his son Alexander, and Deanna Troi participate in takes place in 19th century Deadwood.
• The "Tales from Deadwood" series of novels by Mike Jameson, published by the Berkley Publishing Group, are set in Deadwood and feature Wild Bill Hickok, Calamity Jane, Al Swearengen, and other historical figures.

HBO (Home Box Office) is an American premium cable television network. ... Deadwood is an American television drama series that premiered in March 2004 on HBO. The series is a Western set in the 1870s in Deadwood, Dakota Territory. ... The title as it appeared in most episodes opening credits. ... A Fistful of Datas is a sixth-season episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation and was first aired on 11. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Worf (Klingon: worIv) is a Klingon Starfleet officer in the Star Trek fictional universe. ... Alexander Rozhenko is a character in the Star Trek fictional universe. ... For other people with similar names, see Wild Bill. ... For the film, see Calamity Jane (1953 film) Calamity Jane at age 33. ... The Gem Theater circa 1878. ...

Demographics

As of the census^GR2 of 2000, there were 1,380 people, 669 households, and 341 families residing in the city. The population density was 141.0/km² (365.4/mi²). There were 817 housing units at an average density of 83.5/km² (216.3/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 95.87% White, 1.88% Native American, 0.36% Asian, 0.65% from other races, and 1.23% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.75% of the population. 1870 US Census for New York City A census is the process of obtaining information about every member of a population (not necessarily a human population). ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ...

There were 669 households out of which 20.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.7% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 48.9% were non-families. 40.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.01 and the average family size was 2.71. This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling. ...

In the city the population was spread out with 19.3% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 27.3% from 25 to 44, 27.8% from 45 to 64, and 16.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 93.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $28,641, and the median income for a family was $37,132. Males had a median income of $28,920 versus $18,807 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,673. About 6.9% of families and 10.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.4% of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over. The per capita income for a group of people may be defined as their total personal income, divided by the total population. ... Map of countries showing percentage of population who have an income below the national poverty line The poverty line is the level of income below which one cannot afford to purchase all the resources one requires to live. ...

Notable Natives

• Amy Hill is a Japanese-Finnish-American actress.

Amy Hill (born May 9, 1953 in Deadwood, South Dakota) is a Japanese-Finnish-American actress well-known to many children for her roles of Mrs. ... Actors in period costume sharing a joke whilst waiting between takes during location filming. ...

References

1. ^ Hilton, George W. (1990). American Narrow Gauge Railroads. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-2369-9. 

Stanford is a census-designated place (CDP) located in Santa Clara County, California. ... The Stanford University Press is a publishing house, a division of Stanford University, that is highly respected in academic publishing. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Deadwood, South Dakota

• Deadwood Chamber of Commerce
• HBO's Deadwood
• Deadwood Gambling Information
• Deadwood Historic Preservation Commission
• Deadwood Digital Media Archive (photos, laser scans, panoramas)
• Deadwood Magazine
• Black Hills Community Portal Black Hills Area Guide & Community Portal
• Deadwood City Information Deadwood relocation, tourism, weather, and news
• Digital Deadwood - virtual town with games and history information
• Deadwood Photos and Information at Western Mining History
• Maps and aerial photos for 44°22′36″N 103°43′45″W / 44.376718, -103.72923Coordinates: 44°22′36″N 103°43′45″W / 44.376718, -103.72923
  • Street map from Google Maps, or Yahoo! Maps, or Windows Live Local
  • Satellite image from Google Maps, Windows Live Local, WikiMapia
  • Topographic map from TopoZone
  • Aerial image or topographic map from TerraServer-USA